Peru
Official name: REPUBLIC OF PERU
Date of membership: 29 April 1976
Short name: Peru
Capital: Lima
Geography
Location: Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador.
Area: 1,285,220 sq km
Land boundaries: 5,536 km
Border countries: Bolivia 1,075 kms, Brasil 2,995 kms, Chile 171 kms, Colombia 1,800 kms Ecuador 1,420 kms
Coastline: 2,414 km
Natural resources: Copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas.
Environment - international agreements: Party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements.
Economic indicators
| Total at current prices | 201 703 | Millions USD |
2020 |
| Per capita at current prices | 6117 | USD | 2020 |
| Growth rate per capita at constant prices | -12.2 | % | 2020 |
| Imports of goods and services (GDP at current prices |
21.1 | % | 2020 |
| Exports of goods and services (GDP at current prices) |
22.4 | % | 2020 |
Source: Peru: Economic National Profile. CEPALSTAT. Databases and Statistical Publications. ECLAC. Inquiry: February 24, 2022
Socio-demographic indicators
| Total population | 32 971.9 | (000) | 2020 |
| Life expectancy | 77 | Years | 2020_2025 |
| Women | 80 | Years | 2020_2025 |
| Men | 75 | Years | 2020_2025 |
| Public health expenditure as a percentage of GDP |
5.2 | % | 2018 |
| Literacy rate for persons between tge ages of 15 to 24 |
99.4 | % | 2020 |
| Net rate of enrolment in primary education |
98.2 | % | 2020 |
| Net rate of enrolment in secondary education |
96.3 | % | 2020 |
| Public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP |
4.2 | % | 2020 |
| Gini Coefficient | 0.46 | % | 2020 |
| Unemployment | 7.6 | % | 2020 |
| Migartion | -1.9 | % | 2020_2025 |
Source: Peru: National Socio-Demographic Profile. CEPALSTAT. Data Bases and Statistical Publications. ECLAC. Inquiry: February 24, 2022
Languages: Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, and a large number of minor Amazonian languages.
Government
Administrative divisions: 24 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 constitutional province (provincia constitucional): Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao*, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Independence: 28 July 1821 (from Spain)
Constitution: 31 December 1993
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70; note - members of the military and national police may not vote.
Executive branch: Chief of state: President Pedro Castillo (since July, 28 2021); Vicepresident Dina Boluarte (since July, 28 2021).
note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; additionally, the constitution provides for two vice presidents.
Legislative branch: Unicameral Congress of the Republic of Peru or Congreso de la Republica del Peru (120 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary)
Internet country code: .pe
Official Portal Web: http://www.presidencia.gob.pe