Guatemala

 

Official name: REPUBLIC OF GUATEMALA 

Date of membership: 2 November 1976 

Short name: Guatemala 

Capital: Guatemala City 

Geography 

Location: Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico, and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize. 

Area: 108,890 sq km 

Land boundaries: 1,687 km 

Border countries: Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256 km, Mexico 962 km. 

Coastline: 400 km 

Natural resources: Petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower 

Environment - international agreements: Party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection. 

Economic indicators  

Total at current prices   77605 MIllions USD 2020
Per capita at current prices 4332 USD 2020
Growth rate per capita at constant prices -3.4 % 2020
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP at current prices)   24.9 % 2020
Exports of goods and services  (% of GDP at current prices)   16.9 % 2020

Source: Guatemala: National Economic Profile. CEPALSTAT. Databases and Statistical Publications. ECLAC. Inquiry: February 23, 2022

Socio-demographic indicators

Total population   17915.6 (000) 2020
Life expectancy 75 Años 2020-2025
Women 78 Años 2020-2025
Men   72 Años 2020-2025
Public health expenditure as a percentage of GDP 5.7 % 2018
Literacy rate for persons between the ages of 15 to 24 94.6 % 2018
Net rate of enrolment in primary education 89.4 % 2020
Net rate of enrolment in secondary education 37.0 % 2020
Public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP 3.3 % 2020
Gini Coefficient 0.54 % 2014
Unemployment 2.2 % 2019
Migration -0.5 % 2020-2025

Source: Guatemala: National Socio-Demographic Profile. CEPALSTAT. Data Bases and Statistical Publications. ECLAC. Inquiry: February 23, 2022

Languages: Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca). 

Government 

Administrative divisions: 22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento): Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa. 

Independence: 15 September 1821 (from Spain) 

Constitution: 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended 25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president; amended November 1993. 

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal (active duty members of the armed forces may not vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day) 

Executive branch: Chief of state: President César Bernardo Arévalo de León. Vicepresident: Guillermo Castillo. 
The president is both the chief of state and head of government. 

Legislative branch: Unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (158 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) 

Judicial branch: Constitutional Court or Corte de Constitucionalidad is Guatemala's highest court (five judges are elected for concurrent five-year terms by Congress, each serving one year as president of the Constitutional Court; one is elected by Congress, one elected by the Supreme Court of Justice, one appointed by the President, one elected by Superior Counsel of Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala, and one by Colegio de Abogados); Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (13 members serve concurrent five-year terms and elect a president of the Court each year from among their number). 

Internet country code: .gt 

Official Portal Web: http://www.guatemala.gob.gt