| Title |
International
Migrations
in Latin America and the Caribbean
Edition Nº 65
May-August 2002 |
| Author: |
Permanent Secretariat of SELA |
|
Index |
REFLECTIONS ON SKILLED
MIGRATION
Adela Pellegrino
Population Program, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universidad de la República
(Uruguay).
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| Table
1 |
| Professionals and
Technicians born in Latin American and Caribbean countries censed |
| in other Latin American countries and the
USA |
| Number and percentage growth. Censuses for
the 1980's and 1990's |
|
In Latin American countries
In the USA |
|
|
|
% growth |
|
|
|
|
% growth |
| Country of
birth |
1980 |
1990 |
80-90 |
|
1970 |
1980 |
1990 |
70-80 |
80-90 |
| Argentina |
8786 |
7431 |
-15,4 |
|
4882 |
7766 |
9614 |
59,1 |
23,8 |
| Bolivia |
5398 |
7926 |
46,8 |
|
999 |
1809 |
2187 |
81,1 |
20,9 |
| Brazil |
2163 |
2495 |
15,3 |
|
2138 |
3474 |
** |
|
|
| Chile |
10872 |
11969 |
10,1 |
|
1984 |
4405 |
5067 |
122,0 |
15,0 |
| Colombia |
16572 |
17523 |
5,7 |
|
5240 |
8724 |
15518 |
66,5 |
77,9 |
| Costa Rica |
550 |
494 |
-10,2 |
|
1110 |
1773 |
** |
|
|
| Cuba |
1860 |
1849 |
-0,6 |
|
26195 |
42066 |
46792 |
60,6 |
11,2 |
| Ecuador |
1465 |
1639 |
11,9 |
|
1901 |
3436 |
6066 |
80,7 |
76,5 |
| El Salvador |
1252 |
802 |
-35,9 |
|
686 |
2202 |
6678 |
221,0 |
203,3 |
| Guatemala |
383 |
828 |
116,2 |
|
1008 |
2058 |
4381 |
104,2 |
112,9 |
| Haiti |
149 |
223 |
49,7 |
|
2654 |
5832 |
12455 |
119,7 |
113,6 |
| Jamaica |
** |
** |
|
|
** |
15899 |
28020 |
|
76,2 |
| Mexico |
1230 |
782 |
-36,4 |
|
12689 |
34937 |
60965 |
175,3 |
74,5 |
| Nicaragua |
1769 |
906 |
-48,8 |
|
813 |
1696 |
4449 |
108,6 |
162,3 |
| Panama |
698 |
596 |
-14,6 |
|
1859 |
5335 |
6671 |
187,0 |
25,0 |
| Paraguay |
5878 |
7238 |
23,1 |
|
** |
444 |
361 |
|
-18,7 |
| Peru |
5889 |
8412 |
42,8 |
|
276 |
4853 |
9051 |
1658,3 |
86,5 |
| Dom. Rep. |
707 |
925 |
30,8 |
|
1520 |
3373 |
8584 |
121,9 |
154,5 |
| T and
Tobago |
** |
279 |
|
|
** |
5372 |
9550 |
|
77,8 |
| Uruguay |
7202 |
9314 |
29,3 |
|
488 |
919 |
1133 |
88,3 |
23,3 |
| Venezuela |
368 |
687 |
86,7 |
|
631 |
1773 |
3471 |
181,0 |
95,8 |
| Honduras |
447 |
** |
|
|
** |
1481 |
2656 |
|
79,3 |
| Guyana |
** |
** |
|
|
** |
4117 |
8327 |
|
102,3 |
|
73638 |
82318 |
11,8 |
|
67073 |
163744 |
251996 |
144,1 |
53,9 |
Source: Pellegrino (2000b)
Based on CELADE-IMILA. For 1980 11 censuses in Latin America and 7 in 1990 |
| Data includes the major immigration countries:
Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela |


Table 2 |
|
| Individuals with C & T training, students and scholars |
| born in Latin American countries and living in the USA |
Percentage over the total born in each country and living in the USA
in 1997
|
|
C & T |
Students |
Scholars |
| Brazil |
6,7 |
5,2 |
0,89 |
| Argentina |
11,5 |
2,6 |
0,53 |
| Venezuela |
10,1 |
6,1 |
0,34 |
| Uruguay |
nd |
1,9 |
0,28 |
| Chile |
3,7 |
1,3 |
0,24 |
| Costa Rica |
nd |
1,6 |
0,10 |
| Colombia |
4,0 |
1,2 |
0,08 |
| Peru |
4,1 |
0,9 |
0,07 |
| Bolivia |
nd |
1,6 |
0,05 |
| Jamaica |
nd |
0,7 |
0,02 |
| Trinidad & T |
nd |
1,0 |
0,02 |
| Ecuador |
2,6 |
0,7 |
0,02 |
| Panama |
nd |
1,2 |
0,02 |
| Honduras |
nd |
0,4 |
0,01 |
| Mexico |
0,5 |
0,1 |
0,01 |
| Guatemala |
nd |
0,2 |
0,01 |
| Nicaragua |
nd |
0,3 |
0,01 |
| El Salvador |
nd |
0,1 |
0,00 |
| Haiti |
1,3 |
0,2 |
0,00 |
| Cuba |
3,2 |
0,0 |
0,00 |
|
|
|
|
Source: Data on Students and Scholars:
Scholars: Open Doors Report, 1998/99 IIE
C&I N.S.F. (2000) Science & Engineering Indicators 2000 |
| Total population of each country in the USA. Current Population
Survey, March 1997. US Bureau of Census |
Table 3 |
| Foreign Students by country of origin |
| 1997/98 1998/99 |
|
|
|
| Country
of origin |
1997/98 |
1998/99 |
|
|
|
| AFRICA |
23.162 |
26.222 |
| ASIA |
277.508 |
275.076 |
| EUROPA |
71.616 |
73.809 |
| NEAR
EAST |
30.962 |
32.836 |
| OCEANIA |
3.893 |
4.228 |
| NORTH
AMERICA |
22.613 |
23.302 |
| LATIN
AMERICA |
51.368 |
55.436 |
| Unknown
state |
159 |
28 |
| TOTAL |
481.122 |
490.909 |
|
|
|
| Latin
America |
51.368 |
55.436 |
| Caribbean |
10.855 |
11.884 |
| Anguilla |
20 |
35 |
| Antigua |
225 |
240 |
| Aruba |
52 |
79 |
| Bahamas |
1.917 |
1.958 |
| Barbados |
523 |
608 |
| British
Virgin Islands |
77 |
88 |
| Cayman
Islands |
202 |
222 |
| Cuba |
89 |
89 |
| Dominica |
174 |
183 |
| Dominican
Republic |
823 |
849 |
| Grenada |
237 |
177 |
| Guadeloupe |
6 |
9 |
| Haiti |
867 |
936 |
| Jamaica |
2.694 |
3.106 |
| Leeward
Islands |
5 |
4 |
| Martinique |
7 |
5 |
| Montserrat |
33 |
15 |
| Netherlands
Antilles |
362 |
367 |
| St.
Kitts-Nevis |
89 |
111 |
| St. Lucia |
202 |
167 |
| St.
Vincent |
140 |
133 |
| Trinidad
& Tobago |
1.927 |
2.322 |
| Turks
& Caicos Islands |
25 |
38 |
| Windward
Islands |
14 |
1 |
| Caribbean,
Unspecified |
145 |
142 |
|
|
|
| Central
America/ Mexico |
15.211 |
15.455 |
| Belize |
345 |
402 |
| Costa Rica |
815 |
834 |
| El
Salvador |
765 |
742 |
| Guatemala |
928 |
990 |
| Honduras |
912 |
954 |
| México |
9.559 |
9.641 |
| Nicaragua |
601 |
564 |
| Panama |
1.286 |
1.327 |
| Central
Am/Mexico, unspecified |
0 |
1 |
|
|
|
| South
America |
25.302 |
28.097 |
| Argentina |
2.473 |
2.636 |
| Bolivia |
719 |
749 |
| Brazil |
6.982 |
8.052 |
| Chile |
1.156 |
1.373 |
| Colombia |
4.345 |
5.041 |
| Ecuador |
1.643 |
1.783 |
| Falkland
Islands |
0 |
2 |
| French
Guyana |
5 |
4 |
| Guyana |
388 |
459 |
| Paraguay |
268 |
294 |
| Peru |
2.127 |
2.092 |
| Suriname |
104 |
124 |
| Uruguay |
356 |
355 |
| Venezuela |
4.731 |
5.133 |
| South Am.,
unspecified |
5 |
0 |
|
|
|
Source: Open Doors Report, 1998/99
Institute of International Education |
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